| Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Age | Files | Lines |
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try_to_freeze_tasks() and cgroup_freezer rely on scheduler locks
to ensure that a task doing STOPPED/TRACED -> RUNNING transition
can't escape freezing. This mostly works, but ptrace_stop() does
not necessarily call schedule(), it can change task->state back to
RUNNING and check freezing() without any lock/barrier in between.
We could add the necessary barrier, but this patch changes
ptrace_stop() and do_signal_stop() to use freezable_schedule().
This fixes the race, freezer_count() and freezer_should_skip()
carefully avoid the race.
And this simplifies the code, try_to_freeze_tasks/update_if_frozen
no longer need to use task_is_stopped_or_traced() checks with the
non trivial assumptions. We can rely on the mechanism which was
specially designed to mark the sleeping task as "frozen enough".
v2: As Tejun pointed out, we can also change get_signal_to_deliver()
and move try_to_freeze() up before 'relock' label.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
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freezer_read/write() used cgroup_lock_live_group() to synchronize
against task migration into and out of the target cgroup.
cgroup_lock_live_group() grabs the internal cgroup lock and using it
from outside cgroup core leads to complex and fragile locking
dependency issues which are difficult to resolve.
Now that freezer_can_attach() is replaced with freezer_attach() and
update_if_frozen() updated, nothing requires excluding migration
against freezer state reads and changes.
This patch removes cgroup_lock_live_group() and the matching
cgroup_unlock() usages. The prone-to-bitrot, already outdated and
unnecessary global lock hierarchy documentation is replaced with
documentation in local scope.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
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Locking will change such that migration can happen while
freezer_read/write() is in progress. This means that
update_if_frozen() can no longer assume that all tasks in the cgroup
coform to the current freezer state - newly migrated tasks which
haven't finished freezer_attach() yet might be in any state.
This patch updates update_if_frozen() such that it no longer verifies
task states against freezer state. It now simply decides whether
FREEZING stage is complete.
This removal of verification makes it meaningless to call from
freezer_change_state(). Drop it and move the fast exit test from
freezer_read() - the only left caller - to update_if_frozen().
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
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cgroup_freezer is one of the few users of cgroup_subsys->can_attach()
and uses it to prevent tasks from being migrated into or out of a
frozen cgroup. This makes cgroup_freezer cumbersome to use especially
when co-mounted with other controllers.
->can_attach() is problematic in general as it can make co-mounting
multiple cgroups difficult - migrating tasks may fail for reasons
completely irrelevant for other controllers. freezer_can_attach() in
particular is more problematic because it messes with cgroup internal
locking to ensure that the state verification performed at
freezer_can_attach() stays valid until migration is complete.
This patch replaces freezer_can_attach() with freezer_attach() so that
tasks are always allowed to migrate - they are nudged into the
conforming state from freezer_attach(). This means that there can be
tasks which are being migrated which don't conform to the current
cgroup_freezer state until freezer_attach() is complete. Under the
current locking scheme, the only such place is freezer_fork() which is
updated to handle such window.
While this patch doesn't remove the use of internal cgroup locking
from freezer_read/write() paths, it removes the requirement to keep
the freezer state constant while migrating and enables such change.
Note that this creates a userland visible behavior change - FROZEN
cgroup can no longer be used to lock migrations in and out of the
cgroup. This behavior change is intended. I don't think the feature
is necessary - userland should coordinate accesses to cgroup fs anyway
- and even if the feature is needed cgroup_freezer is the completely
wrong place to implement it.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
LKML-Reference: <1350426526-14254-1-git-send-email-tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
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PF_FREEZER_SKIP tasks
cgroup_freezer doesn't transition from FREEZING to FROZEN if the
cgroup contains PF_NOFREEZE tasks or tasks sleeping with
PF_FREEZER_SKIP set.
Only kernel tasks can be non-freezable (PF_NOFREEZE) and there's
nothing cgroup_freezer or userland can do about or to it. It's
pointless to stall the transition for PF_NOFREEZE tasks.
PF_FREEZER_SKIP indicates that the task can be skipped when
determining whether frozen state is reached. A task with
PF_FREEZER_SKIP is guaranteed to perform try_to_freeze() after it
wakes up and can be considered frozen much like stopped or traced
tasks. Note that a vfork parent uses PF_FREEZER_SKIP while waiting
for the child.
This updates update_if_frozen() such that it only considers freezable
tasks and treats %true freezer_should_skip() tasks as frozen.
This allows cgroups w/ kthreads and vfork parents successfully reach
FROZEN state.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
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try_to_freeze_cgroup() has condition checks which are intended to fail
the write operation to freezer.state if there are tasks which can't be
frozen. The condition checks have been broken for quite some time
now. freeze_task() returns %false if the target task can't be frozen,
so num_cant_freeze_now is never incremented.
In addition, strangely, cgroup freezing proceeds even after the write
is failed, which is rather broken.
This patch rips out the non-working code intended to fail the write to
freezer.state when the cgroup contains non-freezable tasks and makes
it official that writes to freezer.state succeed whether there are
non-freezable tasks in the cgroup or not.
This leaves is_task_frozen_enough() with only one user -
upste_if_frozen(). Collapse it into the caller. Note that this
removes an extra call to freezing().
This doesn't cause any userland behavior changes.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
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A task is considered frozen enough between freezer_do_not_count() and
freezer_count() and freezers use freezer_should_skip() to test this
condition. This supposedly works because freezer_count() always calls
try_to_freezer() after clearing %PF_FREEZER_SKIP.
However, there currently is nothing which guarantees that
freezer_count() sees %true freezing() after clearing %PF_FREEZER_SKIP
when freezing is in progress, and vice-versa. A task can escape the
freezing condition in effect by freezer_count() seeing !freezing() and
freezer_should_skip() seeing %PF_FREEZER_SKIP.
This patch adds smp_mb()'s to freezer_count() and
freezer_should_skip() such that either %true freezing() is visible to
freezer_count() or !PF_FREEZER_SKIP is visible to
freezer_should_skip().
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
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css_set
cgroup core has a bug which violates a basic rule about event
notifications - when a new entity needs to be added, you add that to
the notification list first and then make the new entity conform to
the current state. If done in the reverse order, an event happening
inbetween will be lost.
cgroup_subsys->fork() is invoked way before the new task is added to
the css_set. Currently, cgroup_freezer is the only user of ->fork()
and uses it to make new tasks conform to the current state of the
freezer. If FROZEN state is requested while fork is in progress
between cgroup_fork_callbacks() and cgroup_post_fork(), the child
could escape freezing - the cgroup isn't frozen when ->fork() is
called and the freezer couldn't see the new task on the css_set.
This patch moves cgroup_subsys->fork() invocation to
cgroup_post_fork() after the new task is added to the css_set.
cgroup_fork_callbacks() is removed.
Because now a task may be migrated during cgroup_subsys->fork(),
freezer_fork() is updated so that it adheres to the usual RCU locking
and the rather pointless comment on why locking can be different there
is removed (if it doesn't make anything simpler, why even bother?).
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
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Pull MIPS update from Ralf Baechle:
"Cleanups and fixes for breakage that occured earlier during this merge
phase. Also a few patches that didn't make the first pull request.
Of those is the Alchemy work that merges code for many of the SOCs and
evaluation boards thus among other code shrinkage, reduces the number
of MIPS defconfigs by 5."
* 'upstream' of git://git.linux-mips.org/pub/scm/ralf/upstream-linus: (22 commits)
MIPS: SNI: Switch RM400 serial to SCCNXP driver
MIPS: Remove unused empty_bad_pmd_table[] declaration.
MIPS: MT: Remove kspd.
MIPS: Malta: Fix section mismatch.
MIPS: asm-offset.c: Delete unused irq_cpustat_t struct offsets.
MIPS: Alchemy: Merge PB1100/1500 support into DB1000 code.
MIPS: Alchemy: merge PB1550 support into DB1550 code
MIPS: Alchemy: Single kernel for DB1200/1300/1550
MIPS: Optimize TLB refill for RI/XI configurations.
MIPS: proc: Cleanup printing of ASEs.
MIPS: Hardwire detection of DSP ASE Rev 2 for systems, as required.
MIPS: Add detection of DSP ASE Revision 2.
MIPS: Optimize pgd_init and pmd_init
MIPS: perf: Add perf functionality for BMIPS5000
MIPS: perf: Split the Kconfig option CONFIG_MIPS_MT_SMP
MIPS: perf: Remove unnecessary #ifdef
MIPS: perf: Add cpu feature bit for PCI (performance counter interrupt)
MIPS: perf: Change the "mips_perf_event" table unsupported indicator.
MIPS: Align swapper_pg_dir to 64K for better TLB Refill code.
vmlinux.lds.h: Allow architectures to add sections to the front of .bss
...
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git://git.infradead.org/users/dhowells/linux-headers into mips-for-linux-next
UAPI Disintegration 2012-10-09
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4414/
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Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
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The new SCCNXP driver supports the SC2681 chips used in RM400 machines.
We now use the new driver instead of the old SC26xx driver.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4417/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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LD arch/mips/pci/built-in.o
WARNING: arch/mips/pci/built-in.o(.devinit.text+0x2a0): Section mismatch in reference from the function malta_piix_func0_fixup() to the variable .init.data:pci_irq
The function __devinit malta_piix_func0_fixup() references
a variable __initdata pci_irq.
If pci_irq is only used by malta_piix_func0_fixup then
annotate pci_irq with a matching annotation.
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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Originally added in 05b541489c48e7fbeec19a92acf8683230750d0a [Merge with
Linux 2.5.5.] over 10 years ago but never been used.
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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The PB1100/1500 are similar to their DB-cousins but with a few
more devices on the bus.
This patch adds PB1100/1500 support to the existing DB1100/1500
code.
Signed-off-by: Manuel Lauss <manuel.lauss@gmail.com>
Cc: lnux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4338/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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The PB1550 is more or less a DB1550 without the PCI IDE controller,
a more complicated (read: configurable) Flash setup and some other
minor changes. Like the DB1550 it can be automatically detected by
reading the CPLD ID register bits.
This patch adds PB1550 detection and setup to the DB1550 code.
Signed-off-by: Manuel Lauss <manuel.lauss@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4337/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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Combine support for the DB1200/PB1200, DB1300 and DB1550 boards into
a single kernel image.
defconfig-generated image verified on DB1200, DB1300 and DB1550.
Signed-off-by: Manuel Lauss <manuel.lauss@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4335/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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We don't have to do a separate shift to eliminate the software bits,
just rotate them into the fill and they will be ignored.
Signed-off-by: David Daney <ddaney@caviumnetworks.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4294/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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The number of %s was just getting ridiculous.
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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Most supported systems currently hardwire cpu_has_dsp to 0, so we also
can disable support for cpu_has_dsp2 resulting in a slightly smaller
kernel.
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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[ralf@linux-mips.org: This patch really only detects the ASE and passes its
existence on to userland via /proc/cpuinfo. The DSP ASE Rev 2. adds new
resources but no resources that would need management by the kernel.]
Signed-off-by: Steven J. Hill <sjhill@mips.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4165/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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On a dual issue processor GCC generates code that saves a couple of
clock cycles per loop if we rearrange things slightly. Checking for
p != end saves a SLTU per loop, moving the increment to the middle can
let it dual issue on multi-issue processors.
Signed-off-by: David Daney <ddaney@caviumnetworks.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4249/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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Add hardware performance counter support to kernel "perf" code for
BMIPS5000. The BMIPS5000 performance counters are similar to MIPS
MTI cores, so the changes were mostly made in perf_event_mipsxx.c
which is typically for MTI cores.
Signed-off-by: Al Cooper <alcooperx@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4109/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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Split the Kconfig option CONFIG_MIPS_MT_SMP into CONFIG_MIPS_MT_SMP
and CONFIG_MIPS_PERF_SHARED_TC_COUNTERS so some of the code used
for performance counters that are shared between threads can be used
for MIPS cores that are not MT_SMP.
Signed-off-by: Al Cooper <alcooperx@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4108/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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The #ifdef for CONFIG_HW_PERF_EVENTS is not needed because the
Makefile will only compile the module if this config option is set.
This means that the code under #else would never be compiled. This
may have been done to leave the original broken code around for
reference, but the FIXME comment above the code already shows the
broken code.
Signed-off-by: Al Cooper <alcooperx@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4107/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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The PCI (Program Counter Interrupt) bit in the "cause" register
is mandatory for MIPS32R2 cores, but has also been added to some R1
cores (BMIPS5000). This change adds a cpu feature bit to make it
easier to check for and use this feature.
Signed-off-by: Al Cooper <alcooperx@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4106/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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Change the indicator from 0xffffffff in the "event_id" member to
zero in the "cntr_mask" member. This removes the need to initialize
entries that are unsupported. This also solves a problem where the
number of entries in the table was increased based on a globel enum
used for all platforms, but the new unsupported entries were not added
for mips. This was leaving new table entries of all zeros that we not
marked UNSUPPORTED.
Signed-off-by: Al Cooper <alcooperx@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4110/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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We can save an instruction in the TLB Refill path for kernel mappings
by aligning swapper_pg_dir on a 64K boundary. The address of
swapper_pg_dir can be generated with a single LUI instead of
LUI/{D}ADDUI.
The alignment of __init_end is bumped up to 64K so there are no holes
between it and swapper_pg_dir, which is placed at the very beginning
of .bss.
The alignment of invalid_pmd_table and invalid_pte_table can be
relaxed to PAGE_SIZE. We do this by using __page_aligned_bss, which
has the added benefit of eliminating alignment holes in .bss.
Signed-off-by: David Daney <david.daney@cavium.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org,
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4220/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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Follow-on MIPS patch will put an object here that needs 64K alignment
to minimize padding.
For those architectures that don't define BSS_FIRST_SECTIONS, there is
no change.
Signed-off-by: David Daney <david.daney@cavium.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org,
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4221/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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I've maintained this patch, originally from Thiemo Seufer in 2004, for a
really long time, but I think it's time for it to get a look at for
possible inclusion. I have had no problems with it across various SGI
systems over the years.
To quote the post here:
http://www.linux-mips.org/archives/linux-mips/2004-12/msg00000.html
"the atomic functions use so far memory references for the inline
assembler to access the semaphore. This can lead to additional
instructions in the ll/sc loop, because newer compilers don't
expand the memory reference any more but leave it to the assembler.
The appended patch uses registers instead, and makes the ll/sc
arguments more explicit. In some cases it will lead also to better
register scheduling because the register isn't bound to an output
any more."
Signed-off-by: Joshua Kinard <kumba@gentoo.org>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/4029/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux
Pull module signing support from Rusty Russell:
"module signing is the highlight, but it's an all-over David Howells frenzy..."
Hmm "Magrathea: Glacier signing key". Somebody has been reading too much HHGTTG.
* 'modules-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux: (37 commits)
X.509: Fix indefinite length element skip error handling
X.509: Convert some printk calls to pr_devel
asymmetric keys: fix printk format warning
MODSIGN: Fix 32-bit overflow in X.509 certificate validity date checking
MODSIGN: Make mrproper should remove generated files.
MODSIGN: Use utf8 strings in signer's name in autogenerated X.509 certs
MODSIGN: Use the same digest for the autogen key sig as for the module sig
MODSIGN: Sign modules during the build process
MODSIGN: Provide a script for generating a key ID from an X.509 cert
MODSIGN: Implement module signature checking
MODSIGN: Provide module signing public keys to the kernel
MODSIGN: Automatically generate module signing keys if missing
MODSIGN: Provide Kconfig options
MODSIGN: Provide gitignore and make clean rules for extra files
MODSIGN: Add FIPS policy
module: signature checking hook
X.509: Add a crypto key parser for binary (DER) X.509 certificates
MPILIB: Provide a function to read raw data into an MPI
X.509: Add an ASN.1 decoder
X.509: Add simple ASN.1 grammar compiler
...
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asn1_find_indefinite_length() returns an error indicator of -1, which the
caller asn1_ber_decoder() places in a size_t (which is usually unsigned) and
then checks to see whether it is less than 0 (which it can't be). This can
lead to the following warning:
lib/asn1_decoder.c:320 asn1_ber_decoder()
warn: unsigned 'len' is never less than zero.
Instead, asn1_find_indefinite_length() update the caller's idea of the data
cursor and length separately from returning the error code.
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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Some debugging printk() calls should've been converted to pr_devel() calls.
Do that now.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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Fix printk format warning in x509_cert_parser.c:
crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_cert_parser.c: In function 'x509_note_OID':
crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_cert_parser.c:113:3: warning: format '%zu' expects type 'size_t', but argument 2 has type 'long unsigned int'
Builds cleanly on i386 and x86_64.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Cc: linux-crypto@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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The current choice of lifetime for the autogenerated X.509 of 100 years,
putting the validTo date in 2112, causes problems on 32-bit systems where a
32-bit time_t wraps in 2106. 64-bit x86_64 systems seem to be unaffected.
This can result in something like:
Loading module verification certificates
X.509: Cert 6e03943da0f3b015ba6ed7f5e0cac4fe48680994 has expired
MODSIGN: Problem loading in-kernel X.509 certificate (-127)
Or:
X.509: Cert 6e03943da0f3b015ba6ed7f5e0cac4fe48680994 is not yet valid
MODSIGN: Problem loading in-kernel X.509 certificate (-129)
Instead of turning the dates into time_t values and comparing, turn the system
clock and the ASN.1 dates into tm structs and compare those piecemeal instead.
Reported-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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It doesn't, because the clean targets don't include kernel/Makefile, and
because two files were missing from the list.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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Place an indication that the certificate should use utf8 strings into the
x509.genkey template generated by kernel/Makefile.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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Use the same digest type for the autogenerated key signature as for the module
signature so that the hash algorithm is guaranteed to be present in the kernel.
Without this, the X.509 certificate loader may reject the X.509 certificate so
generated because it was self-signed and the signature will be checked against
itself - but this won't work if the digest algorithm must be loaded as a
module.
The symptom is that the key fails to load with the following message emitted
into the kernel log:
MODSIGN: Problem loading in-kernel X.509 certificate (-65)
the error in brackets being -ENOPKG. What you should see is something like:
MODSIGN: Loaded cert 'Magarathea: Glacier signing key: 9588321144239a119d3406d4c4cf1fbae1836fa0'
Note that this doesn't apply to certificates that are not self-signed as we
don't check those currently as they require the parent CA certificate to be
available.
Reported-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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If CONFIG_MODULE_SIG is set, then this patch will cause all modules files to
to have signatures added. The following steps will occur:
(1) The module will be linked to foo.ko.unsigned instead of foo.ko
(2) The module will be stripped using both "strip -x -g" and "eu-strip" to
ensure minimal size for inclusion in an initramfs.
(3) The signature will be generated on the stripped module.
(4) The signature will be appended to the module, along with some information
about the signature and a magic string that indicates the presence of the
signature.
Step (3) requires private and public keys to be available. By default these
are expected to be found in files:
signing_key.priv
signing_key.x509
in the base directory of the build. The first is the private key in PEM form
and the second is the X.509 certificate in DER form as can be generated from
openssl:
openssl req \
-new -x509 -outform PEM -out signing_key.x509 \
-keyout signing_key.priv -nodes \
-subj "/CN=H2G2/O=Magrathea/CN=Slartibartfast"
If the secret key is not found then signing will be skipped and the unsigned
module from (1) will just be copied to foo.ko.
If signing occurs, lines like the following will be seen:
LD [M] fs/foo/foo.ko.unsigned
STRIP [M] fs/foo/foo.ko.stripped
SIGN [M] fs/foo/foo.ko
will appear in the build log. If the signature step will be skipped and the
following will be seen:
LD [M] fs/foo/foo.ko.unsigned
STRIP [M] fs/foo/foo.ko.stripped
NO SIGN [M] fs/foo/foo.ko
NOTE! After the signature step, the signed module _must_not_ be passed through
strip. The unstripped, unsigned module is still available at the name on the
LD [M] line. This restriction may affect packaging tools (such as rpmbuild)
and initramfs composition tools.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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Provide a script to parse an X.509 certificate and certain pieces of
information from it in order to generate a key identifier to be included within
a module signature.
The script takes the Subject Name and extracts (if present) the
organizationName (O), the commonName (CN) and the emailAddress and fabricates
the signer's name from them:
(1) If both O and CN exist, then the name will be "O: CN", unless:
(a) CN is prefixed by O, in which case only CN is used.
(b) CN and O share at least the first 7 characters, in which case only CN
is used.
(2) Otherwise, CN is used if present.
(3) Otherwise, O is used if present.
(4) Otherwise the emailAddress is used, if present.
(5) Otherwise a blank name is used.
The script emits a binary encoded identifier in the following form:
- 2 BE bytes indicating the length of the signer's name.
- 2 BE bytes indicating the length of the subject key identifier.
- The characters of the signer's name.
- The bytes of the subject key identifier.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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Check the signature on the module against the keys compiled into the kernel or
available in a hardware key store.
Currently, only RSA keys are supported - though that's easy enough to change,
and the signature is expected to contain raw components (so not a PGP or
PKCS#7 formatted blob).
The signature blob is expected to consist of the following pieces in order:
(1) The binary identifier for the key. This is expected to match the
SubjectKeyIdentifier from an X.509 certificate. Only X.509 type
identifiers are currently supported.
(2) The signature data, consisting of a series of MPIs in which each is in
the format of a 2-byte BE word sizes followed by the content data.
(3) A 12 byte information block of the form:
struct module_signature {
enum pkey_algo algo : 8;
enum pkey_hash_algo hash : 8;
enum pkey_id_type id_type : 8;
u8 __pad;
__be32 id_length;
__be32 sig_length;
};
The three enums are defined in crypto/public_key.h.
'algo' contains the public-key algorithm identifier (0->DSA, 1->RSA).
'hash' contains the digest algorithm identifier (0->MD4, 1->MD5, 2->SHA1,
etc.).
'id_type' contains the public-key identifier type (0->PGP, 1->X.509).
'__pad' should be 0.
'id_length' should contain in the binary identifier length in BE form.
'sig_length' should contain in the signature data length in BE form.
The lengths are in BE order rather than CPU order to make dealing with
cross-compilation easier.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (minor Kconfig fix)
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Include a PGP keyring containing the public keys required to perform module
verification in the kernel image during build and create a special keyring
during boot which is then populated with keys of crypto type holding the public
keys found in the PGP keyring.
These can be seen by root:
[root@andromeda ~]# cat /proc/keys
07ad4ee0 I----- 1 perm 3f010000 0 0 crypto modsign.0: RSA 87b9b3bd []
15c7f8c3 I----- 1 perm 1f030000 0 0 keyring .module_sign: 1/4
...
It is probably worth permitting root to invalidate these keys, resulting in
their removal and preventing further modules from being loaded with that key.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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Automatically generate keys for module signing if they're absent so that
allyesconfig doesn't break. The builder should consider generating their own
key and certificate, however, so that the keys are appropriately named.
The private key for the module signer should be placed in signing_key.priv
(unencrypted!) and the public key in an X.509 certificate as signing_key.x509.
If a transient key is desired for signing the modules, a config file for
'openssl req' can be placed in x509.genkey, looking something like the
following:
[ req ]
default_bits = 4096
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
prompt = no
x509_extensions = myexts
[ req_distinguished_name ]
O = Magarathea
CN = Glacier signing key
emailAddress = slartibartfast@magrathea.h2g2
[ myexts ]
basicConstraints=critical,CA:FALSE
keyUsage=digitalSignature
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
authorityKeyIdentifier=hash
The build process will use this to configure:
openssl req -new -nodes -utf8 -sha1 -days 36500 -batch \
-x509 -config x509.genkey \
-outform DER -out signing_key.x509 \
-keyout signing_key.priv
to generate the key.
Note that it is required that the X.509 certificate have a subjectKeyIdentifier
and an authorityKeyIdentifier. Without those, the certificate will be
rejected. These can be used to check the validity of a certificate.
Note that 'make distclean' will remove signing_key.{priv,x509} and x509.genkey,
whether or not they were generated automatically.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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Provide kernel configuration options for module signing.
The following configuration options are added:
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_SHA1
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_SHA224
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_SHA256
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_SHA384
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_SHA512
These select the cryptographic hash used to digest the data prior to signing.
Additionally, the crypto module selected will be built into the kernel as it
won't be possible to load it as a module without incurring a circular
dependency when the kernel tries to check its signature.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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Provide gitignore and make clean rules for extra files to hide and clean up the
extra files produced by module signing stuff once it is added. Also add a
clean up rule for the module content extractor program used to extract the data
to be signed.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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If we're in FIPS mode, we should panic if we fail to verify the signature on a
module or we're asked to load an unsigned module in signature enforcing mode.
Possibly FIPS mode should automatically enable enforcing mode.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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We do a very simple search for a particular string appended to the module
(which is cache-hot and about to be SHA'd anyway). There's both a config
option and a boot parameter which control whether we accept or fail with
unsigned modules and modules that are signed with an unknown key.
If module signing is enabled, the kernel will be tainted if a module is
loaded that is unsigned or has a signature for which we don't have the
key.
(Useful feedback and tweaks by David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>)
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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